Pengaruh penambahan pipa terhadap kualitas air minum rumah tangga

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Referensi:
Zlatanovic L., Knezev A., van der Hoek J. P., Vreegburg J. H. G. (2018). Influence of an extended domestic drinking water system on the drinking water quality. Water, 10(5): 582.

Keamanan air minum dan api memiliki keterkaitan yang kuat. Kebutuhan air minum dan api sama-sama dipenuhi melalui jaringan yang sama, dan sama-sama diadakan atas dasar kesehatan dan keamanan masyarakat. Di negara Belanda, pembahasan mengenai aliran api yang disuplai oleh jaringan air minum telah menarik perhatian pihak pemadam kebakaran dan penyedia air minum. Mereka berusaha mencari pendekatan yang menyeluruh untuk meningkatkan standar keamanan penggunaan air maupun api bagi masyarakat. Salah satu pendekatan yang dilakukan ialah residential fire sprinkle systems yang disuplai oleh air minum. Pendekatan ini memberi pengaruh terhadap layout sistem air minium rumah tangga (Domestic Drinking Water Systems, atau  DDWSs), karena membutuhkan pipa yang lebih banyak. Penelitian ini menelaah pengaruh dari penambahan pipa air minum terhadap kualitas air minum maupun air yang berada di dalam keadaan stagnan selama 10 jam di dua DDWS skala besar: sistem konvensional dan sistem lanjutan. Stagnasi sepanjang malam yang dialami oleh air menyebabkan hilangnya unsur nutrisi (leaching) pada tembaga dan seng dari pipa-pipa yang dipergunakan pada kedua DDWS. Jumlah dan viabilitas (kelulushidupan) mikroba di dalam air stagnan, berdasarkan hasil pengukuran HPC (heterotrophic plate count), FCM (flow cytometry), dan ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate), bergantung pada suhu air minum, pada saat jumlah dan viabilitas mikroba diukur di kedua DDWS dan suhu air minum berada di bawah tipping point (15 ºC untuk HPC dan 17 ºC untuk FCM dan ATP) dan begitu pula sebaliknya. Tingginya level kesamaan antara air dan komunitas biofilm (masing-masing >98% dan >70-94%) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan jaringan pipa air minum pada DDWS tidak mempengaruhi kualitas mikroba di dalam air minum maupun komposisi biofilm.

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