Ringkasan Jurnal Penelitian

A part of the bourgeois is desirous of redressing social grievances, in order to secure the continued existence of bourgeois society. To this section belong to economists, philantropists, humanitarians, improvers of the condition of the working class, organisers of charity, members of societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals, temperance fanatics, hole-and-corner reformers of every imaginable kind. This form of socialism has, however, been worked out into complete systems. The socialist bourgeois want all the advantages of modern social conditions without struggles and dangers necessarily resulting therefrom. They desire the existing state of society minus its revolutionary and disintegrating elements. They wish for a bourgoisie without a proletariat. The bourgoisie naturally conceives the world in which it is supreme to be the best; and bourgeois Sicalism develops this comfortable conception into various more or less complete systems. In requiring the proletariat to carry ou...

Authors: Jack Rabin, W. Bartley Hildreth, Gerald Miller  The history of pedagogy in public administration in many ways is a mirror image of the history of public administration itself. All the elements of growth, diversification, change, and turbulence that have characterized the evolving field of public administration are present in its academic component as well. Public service education has been repeatedly shaped and reshaped, responding to the spirit and ethos of each era through which it passed. As a consequence, the educational enterprise, much like the field itself, has been built upon a succession of layers, an additive process through which new, competing, contradictory, and often incompatible themes nonetheless maintain a close, if unieasy coexistence. Historical depiction, therefore, takes on something of an archaeological quality. Each historical period represents a separate stratum, peripherally related to those above and below, but largely independent. Each, howev...

Author: Thomas Tufte, Paolo Mefalopulos The vision of using new technologies to pursue better lives for humankind has always existed, and i was reinforced throughout the 20th century with each new technological advancement. In 1927 the German author Bertolt Brecht formulated a "radio theory" in which he envisioned the new technology, the radio, as a dialogical instrument for change: "Change this apparatus over from distribution to communication... On this principle the radio should step out of the supply business and organize its listeners as suppliers" (Brecht 1927). It was many ways a precursor to the theory and practice of participatory communication, as well as of interactive media such as the internet. In the years that followed Brecht's early vision, the radio lost its dialogic potential as it developed into mass mediated broadcasting instrument. However, today's rapid spread of community radio, as well as the growth of digital radio and inte...

Author: Beth Harben , Soyoung Kim   Political opinion leadership is a type of viewer involvement measure that may be relevant to predicting the viewer's attitude toward an advertisement with political content. This study was designed to investigate if cognitive and affective responses to political messages in fashion advertisements play any moderating roles in the relationship between political opinion leadership and advertisement attitude. The results suggest that effectiveness of political content in the advertisement for politically involved consumers may be determined by how clearly the message is communicated to the viewers. Discussions were also made as to the distinction between textual and pictorial messages and to how the viewer's recognition of a pictorial message can be a factor affecting the impact of political opinion leadership on attitude toward advertisement with political content.   Outline of discussion: -Political opinion leadership and polit...

Michael Grimsley (Sheffield Hallam University, UK) and Anthony Mehan (Open University, UK) Expectations of electronic government (e-government) go beyond mere customer satisfaction – they encompass a desire for much broader social outcomes, such as social inclusion, community development, well-being and sustainability. Equally, citizens attach value to the entitlements of others, for example, in respect of the quality of health care, threshold standards of education, and access to civil and criminal justice. Attainment of these socio-political and socio-economic goals through e-government depends both upon development of appropriate evaluative measures which meaningfully link service provision to strategic outcomes, and upon systems being designed to generate and sustain high levels of citizen engagement with electronically-mediated access to government and public services. In this paper we define and elaborate a Social Value framework supporting e...

Anne Fleur van Veenstra, Marijn Janssen and Bram Klievink Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Joining-up is high on the e-government agenda as this is expected to improve service delivery to citizens and businesses. It requires public and private organizations to cooperate with each other within networks that are formed around public services that cross the boundaries of organizations. Cross-organizational processes in such a network are called supply chains, aimed at delivering integrated services. The performance of each individual organization within the network influences aspects such as lead-time and quality of services delivered. In order to effectively integrate the efforts of the various organizations involved, a strategy needs to be in place to orchestrate and manage a service delivery chain. Various types of strategies can be employed. Yet little knowledge is available about which strategies are effective under which circumstances. In this p...

Author: U. C. Mandal Title: Development and public administration The problems of public administration in developing countries are so vastly different from those of the developed world that a new discipline, development administration, has emerged since the 1960s to study them. Although a large number of books and articles have been written on the subject, questions still persist as to whether such a discipline exists or is necessary. Nevertheless, development has become a major focust of administrative activity in the countries of the Third World. The industrialized societes have recognised the need for these countries to gear their administrative machinery to new developmental tasks and responsibilities. The major political phenomena in the latter half of the twentieth century constitute an intricate and complex subject, but they are susceptible, at the risk of oversimplification, to relatively brief summary and analysis. The first and most obvious condition has been the tremen...