Mempertahankan kearifan lokal dan identitas komunal pengrajin keranjang bambu di Bangchaocha, Thailand

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Referensi:
Chuenrudeemol W., Boonlaor N., Kongkanan A. Design process in retrieving the local wisdom and communal identiy: a case study of Bangchaocha's bamboo basketry craft. DRS 2012 Bangkok, Chulalangkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 1-4 July 2011.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan metode untuk mengembalikan pengetahuan tempatan dan identitas budaya dan seni tempatan pada kerajinan lokal melalui gagasan dan kegiatan desain. Dengan mengambil produk keranjang bambu sebagai studi kasus, penelitian ini dilakukan di Sub-distrik Bangchaocha, Provinsi Ang Thong, sebagai perwakilan dari kampung seni yang memiliki kekayaan budaya. Akan tetapi, identitas tempatan daerah ini tengah terancam karena munculnya praktek kekinian, yakni yang disebut dengan usaha OEM (original manufacture equipment), yang pada dasarnya didominasi oleh permintaan pasar. Manfaat dari penelitian ini ialah memfasilitasi rencana mendatang untuk memberdayakan sumber daya manusia masyarakat pengrajin sehingga mampu mempertahankan dan menciptakan kembali sumber daya pengetahuan tempatan mereka. Metode yang dipergunakan di dalam penelitian ialah dengan mengelompokkan partisipan, yang terdiri dari desainer dan siswa yang sedang belajar desain, ke dalam tiga kelompok dan bekerja bersama pengrajin lokal dan anak-anak setempat. Mereka dibebaskan untuk menentukan strategi kelompok masing-masing, yang menyerupai bentuk interaksi kehidupan nyata antara pengrajin dan desainer. Skenarionya adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Pembuat dan Desainer di dalam skenario Industri Kerajinan Thailand; (2) Pemilik Usaha dan Pekerja magang di dalam skenario pembelajaran kerajinan gaya lama; dan (3) Pengguna dan Desainer di dalam skenario kreasi-bersama. Metodologi di dalam masing-masing kelompok berpedoman pada pendekatan antropologis. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang melibatkan warga setempat sebagian besar dilakukan secara partisipatoris. Meskipun ketiga kelompok mengawali kegiatan dengan menggunakan metode persiapan yang sama dengan belajar sedikit demi sedikit tentang dasar-dasar kerajinan keranjang bambu dari pengrajin lokal, namun pendekatan yang berbeda menghasilkan pengetahuan tradisional dan tempatan yang berbeda. Akan tetapi, ketiga jenis hubungan yang terjadi sama pentingnya bagi masyarakat pengrajin Thailand karena mereka dapat bekerja sama sebagai sebuah mekanisme yang efisien untuk menjaga dan membangkitkan kembali pengetahuan tempatan.

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